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Publications – Michaela Waterhouse

Last updated on December 1, 2023

Michaela conducts research and extension on long-term silvicultural systems trials in the Cariboo Region.  Areas of expertise include caribou and mule deer habitat, growth and yield, silviculture, stand stability and biodiversity (birds and small mammal). 

Position Title: Silvicultural Systems Researcher

Contact: B.C. Government Director

Current research projects

  • Group selection silvicultural systems to maintain caribou habitat in high elevation forests (ESSFwc3) in central BC (EP1104.02)
  • Irregular and group selection silvicultural systems (EP1208 and EP1208.01)
  • Adaptive management trials (extension of EP1208 & EP1104.02)
  • Shelterwood silvicultural systems (EP1104.01 & EP1186)
  • Mule deer winter range management (EP903 & EP1212 & EP1149)
  • Management of ingrown IDF forests (EP1367)
  • Management of IDF forests (EP1365)

Publications

Listed in order of publication date:

2021 to present:

2021:

2016 to 2020:

2020:

  • Wei, X., M.J. Waterhouse, G. Qi, J. Wu. 2020. Long-term residue loadings affect tree growth but not soil nutrients in Pinus contorta Doug. ex Loud. Forests. Annuals of Forest Science.  doi.org/10.1007/s13595-020-00968-8

2019:

2018:

  • Dawe, Neil K., Michaela Waterhouse and Edward L. Nygren. 2018. Breeding waterbirds on mid-Vancouver Island lakes and marshes – 1981 and 1996. British Columbia Birds 29:2-28.
  • R.M. Sagar and Michaela J. Waterhouse. 2018. Interaction between Douglas-fir regeneration and frost in central British Columbia. Prov. B.C. Tech. Rep. 118. 

2016:

  • Waterhouse, M.J. and N.M. Daintith. 2016. Stand dynamics after partial cutting in dry Douglas-fir forests in central British Columbia: Farwell Canyon Research Project. Prov. B.C., Victoria, B.C. Tech. Rep. 100. www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/Docs/Tr/Tr100.htm [Link]

2011 to 2015:

2015:

  • Waterhouse, M.J., A.F. Linnell Nemec, and J. McLeod. 2015. Arboreal Lichen Response to a Group Selection Silvicultural System, Mount Tom Adaptive Management Trial, Central British Columbia. Prov. B.C., Victoria, B.C. Exten. Note 113. www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/Docs/en/En113.htm [Link]
  • Daintith, N.M. and M.J. Waterhouse. 2015. Natural regeneration in partial cuts and mature forests after mountain pine beetle infestation in the west Chilcotin: Itcha-Ilgachuz Research Project. Prov. B.C., Victoria, B.C. Tech. Rep. 088. www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/Docs/Tr/Tr088.htm [Link]
  • Sagar, R.M. and M.J. Waterhouse. 2015. Microclimate studies in mountain pine beetle-damaged silvicultural systems on the Chilcotin Plateau: the Itcha-Ilgachuz project (1997-2013). Prov. B.C., Victoria, B.C. Tech. Rep. 089. www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/Docs/Tr/Tr089.htm [Link]

2013:

  • Waterhouse, M.J. 2013. Treefall in the Mount Tom Group Selection Silvicultural Systems Trial in Central British Columbia. Prov. B.C., Victoria, B.C. Exten. Note 109. www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/Docs/En/En109.htm [Link]

2012:

  • Wei, X., Q. Li, M.J. Waterhouse and H.M. Armleder. 2012.  Organic matter loading affects lodgepole pine seedling growth.  Environmental Management. 49(6):1143-1149.

2011:

  • Waterhouse, M.J., H.M. Armleder and A.F.L. Nemec. 2011. Terrestrial lichen response to partial cutting in lodgepole pine forests on caribou winter range in west-central British Columbia.  Rangifer: Special Issue 19: 119-134.
  • Waterhouse, M.J. (editor). 2011. Group selection silvicultural systems for high-elevation forests (ESSFwc3) to maintain caribou habitat in the Cariboo Region: Mount Tom adaptive management trial establishment report. B.C. Min. For. Range, Res. Br., Victoria, B.C. Tech. Rep. 064. www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/Docs/Tr/Tr064.htm [Link] 

2006 to 2010:

2010:

  • Armleder, H. and M. Waterhouse. 2010. Planning for Mountain Caribou: Habitat Management for a Species at Risk. B.C. Forest Professional 17(1):20-21.
  • Newsome, T.A., J.L. Heineman, A.F. Linnell Nemec, P.G. Comeau, A. Arsenault, and M.J. Waterhouse. 2010. Ten-year regeneration responses to varying levels of overstory retention in two productive southern British Columbia ecosystems. For. Ecol. Manage. 260(1):249-261. [Link] 
  • Sagar, R.M. and M.J. Waterhouse. 2010. Microclimate studies in uniform shelterwood systems in the Sub-Boreal Spruce zone of central British Columbia. B.C. Min. For. Range, For. Sci. Prog., Victoria, B.C. Tech. Rep. 057. http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/Docs/Tr/Tr057.htm [Link]
  • Waterhouse, M.J., E.C. Wallich, N.M. Daintith, and H.M. Armleder. 2010. Planted stock performance 10 years after partial cutting in west-central British Columbia. For. Chron. 86(1):118-129. [Link]

2009:

  • Ransome, D.B., P.F. Lindgren, M.J. Waterhouse, H.M. Armleder, and T.P. Sullivan. 2009. Small-mammal response to group-selection silvicultural systems in Engelmann spruce - subalpine fir forests 14 years postharvest. Can. J. For. Res. 39(9):1698-1708. [Link]
  • Waterhouse, M.J. 2009. Silvicultural systems on a deep snowpack, mule deer winter range in the central interior of British Columbia: 10-year update. B.C. Min. For. Range, For. Sci. Prog., Victoria, B.C. Exten. Note 89. http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/Docs/En/En89.htm [Link]

2008:

  • Armleder, H. and M. Waterhouse. 2008. Mountain pine beetle and northern caribou: The Itcha-Ilgachuz experience. In: Mountain Pine Beetle: From Lessons Learned to Community-based Solutions Conference Proceedings, June 10-11, 2008. BC Journal of Ecosystems and Management 9(3):102-105. 
  • Steen, O.A., R.A. Coupe, and M.J. Waterhouse. 2008. Natural regeneration of subalpine fir and Engelmann spruce in partially harvested high-elevation stands in east-central British Columbia. B.C. Min. For., Res. Br., Victoria, B.C. Res. Rep. 28. http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/Docs/Rr/Rr28.htm [Link]
  • Waterhouse, M.J., T.A. Newsome, P.G. Comeau, and H.M. Armleder. 2008. St. Mary River single tree selection study in the Rocky Mountain Trench. B.C. Min. For. Range, South. Int. For. Reg., Kamloops, B.C. Exten. Note 08. http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/Pubs/RSI/FSP/EN/RSI_EN08.htm [Link]

2007:

  • Newsome, T., M. Waterhouse, and A. Arsenault. 2007. Shelterwood silvicultural systems to address integrated resource management issues in the Kootenays: Year 10 update. In: Overcoming Obstacles to Variable Retention in Forest Management: Science to Management Forum Proceedings, September 25-27, 2007. BC Journal of Ecosystems and Management 8(3):140-143. 
  • Steen, O.A., M.J. Waterhouse, H.M. Armleder, and N.M. Daintith. 2007. Natural regeneration of lodgepole pine following partial harvesting on northern caribou winter range in west-central British Columbia. BC Journal of Ecosystems and Management 8(1):61-74. 
  • Waterhouse, M.J. and H.M. Armleder. 2007. Forest bird response to partial cutting in lodgepole pine forests on caribou winter range in west-central British Columbia. BC Journal of Ecosystems and Management 8(1):75-90. 
  • Waterhouse, M.J., H.M. Armleder, and A.F. Linnell Nemec. 2007. Arboreal forage lichen response to partial cutting of high elevation mountain caribou range in the Quesnel Highland of east-central British Columbia. Rangifer, Special Issue 17:141-153. 

2006:

  • Waterhouse, M.J. and T.A. Newsome. 2006. Uniform Shelterwood Systems in the Sub-Boreal Spruce Zone: Update for Year 15 (Phase 2). B.C. Min. For. Range, South. Int. For. Reg., Kamloops, B.C. Exten. Note 03. <http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/Pubs/RSI/FSP/EN/RSI_EN03.htm> [Link]

2000 to 2005:

2005:

  • Waterhouse, M.J. and H.M. Armleder. 2005. Itcha-Ilgachuz Alternative Silvicultural Systems Project 1995-2005: Research Update. B.C. Min. For. Range, South. Int. For. Reg., Kamloops, B.C. Exten. Note 02. <http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/Pubs/RSI/FSP/EN/RSI_EN02.htm> [Link]
  • Daintith, N.M., M.J. Waterhouse, and H.M. Armleder. 2005. Seedling response following partial cutting in lodgepole pine forests on caribou winter range in west-central British Columbia. For. Chron. 81(3):409-417. [Link]
  • Sagar, R.M., M.J. Waterhouse, and B.K. Chapman. 2005. Microclimate Studies in Silvicultural Systems on the Chilcotin Plateau of British Columbia: The Itcha-Ilgachuz Project (1997-2003). B.C. Min. For., Res. Br., Victoria, B.C. Tech. Rep. 022. http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/Docs/Tr/Tr022.htm [Link]
  • Waterhouse, M.J. and A.M. Eastham. 2005. Assessment of Silvicultural Systems Developed for Deep Snowpack, Mule Deer Winter Range in the Central Interior of British Columbia: Regeneration and Vegetation Components. B.C. Min. For., Res. Br., Victoria, B.C. Tech. Rep. 021. http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/Docs/Tr/Tr021.htm [Link]

2004:

  • Waterhouse, M.J., R.B. Catton, and H.M. Armleder. 2004. Small mammal response to group selection silvicultural systems in Engelmann spruce-subalpine fir forests. BC Journal of Ecosystems and Management 3(2):121-135. 
  • Waterhouse, M.J. and H.M. Armleder. 2004. Windthrow in partially cut lodgepole pine forests in west-central British Columbia. B.C. Min. For., Res. Br., Victoria, B.C. Exten. Note 70. http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/Docs/En/En70.htm [Link]

2001:

  • Miege, D.J., H.M. Armleder, M.J. Waterhouse, and T. Goward. 2001. A Pilot Study of Silvicultural Systems for Northern Caribou Winter Range Lichen Response. B.C. Min. For., Victoria, B.C. Work. Pap. 56. [Link]
  • Miege, D.J., T. Goward, M.J. Waterhouse, and H.M. Armleder. 2001. Impact of Partial Cutting on lichen Diversity in Lodgepole Pine Forests on the Chilcotin Plateau of British Columbia. B.C. Min. For., Victoria, B.C. Work. Pap. 55. [Link]
  • Stathers, R.J., T.A. Newsome, M.J. Waterhouse, and D.C. Sutherland. 2001. Microclimate Studies on a Group Selection Silvicultural System in a High-elevation ESSFwc3 Forest in the Cariboo Forest Region. B.C. Min. For., Victoria. Work. Pap. 58. [Link]
  • Waterhouse, M.J., N.M. Daintith, O.A. Steen, and H.M. Armleder. 2001. Itcha-Ilgachuz Alternative Silvicultural Systems Project: Microclimate, Planted Stock and Natural Regeneration. B.C. Min. For., Cariboo For. Reg. Exten. Note 35. http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/RSI/FSP/Cariboo/C_ext_notes/ENC35.pdf [Cariboo Extension Note 35 1209KB]

2000:

  • Burton, P.J., D.C. Sutherland, N.M. Daintith, M.J. Waterhouse, and T.A. Newsome. 2000. Factors Influencing the Density of Natural Regeneration in Uniform Shelterwoods Dominated by Douglas-fir in the Sub-Boreal Spruce Zone. B.C. Min. For., Victoria, B.C. Work. Pap. 47. [Link]
  • Newsome, T., M. Waterhouse, H. Armleder, and O. Steen. 2000. We’re harvesting timber and maintaining caribou habitat: What about silviculture and other concerns?. In: Proceedings, From science to management and back: a science forum for southern interior ecosystems of British Columbia. C. Hollstedt, K. Sutherland, and T. Innes (editors). Southern Interior Forest Extension and Research Partnership, Kamloops, B.C., pp. 49-53. 
  • Newsome, T.A., H.M. Armleder, M.J. Waterhouse, and O.A. Steen. 2000. Fifth Year Results from Group Selection Harvesting in the ESSFwc3 on Windthrow, Artificial and Natural Regeneration. B.C. Min. For., Cariboo For. Reg. Exten. Note 30. http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/RSI/FSP/Cariboo/C_ext_notes/ENC30.pdf [Cariboo Extension Note 30 537KB]
  • Wei, X., W. Liu, M.J. Waterhouse, and H.M. Armleder. 2000. Simulations on impacts of different management strategies on long-term site productivity in lodgepole pine forests of the central interior of British Columbia. For. Ecol. Manage. 133(3):217-229. [Link]

1999 and earlier:

1999:

  • Davis, L.R., M.J. Waterhouse, and H.M. Armleder. 1999. A Comparison of the Breeding Bird Communities in Seral Stages of the Engelmann Spruce-Sub-alpine Fir Zone in East Central British Columbia. B.C. Min. For., Victoria, B.C. Work. Pap. 39. [Link]
  • Waterhouse, M.J. 1999. Uniform Shelterwood Systems for Douglas-fir/Lodgepole Pine Stands - Update - Year 8. B.C. Min. For., Cariboo For. Reg. Exten. Note 28. http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/RSI/FSP/Cariboo/C_ext_notes/ENC28.pdf [Cariboo Extension Note 28 72KB]

1998:

  • Waterhouse, M.J. 1998. Natural Regeneration in Managed Uneven-aged Douglas-fir Stands in the IDFdk3, IDFxm and IDFxw Biogeoclimatic Subzones. B.C. Min. For., Cariboo For. Reg. Exten. Note 24. http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/RSI/FSP/Cariboo/C_ext_notes/ENC24.pdf [Cariboo Extension Note 24 37KB]
  • Waterhouse, M.J. 1998. Silvicultural systems for Douglas-fir stands on very deep snowfall mule deer winter ranges. B.C. Min. For., Cariboo For. Reg. Exten. Note 23. http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/RSI/FSP/Cariboo/C_ext_notes/ENC23.pdf [Cariboo Extension Note 23 263KB]
  • Armleder, H.M., M.J. Waterhouse, R.J. Dawson, and K.E. Iverson. 1998. Mule deer response to low-volume partial cutting on winter ranges in central interior British Columbia. B.C. Min. For., Res. Br., Victoria, B.C. Res. Rep. 16. www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/docs/rr/rr16.htm [Link]
  • Armleder, H.M., T.A. Newsome, O.A. Steen, P. Teti, S.D. Walker, and M.J. Waterhouse. 1998. Group Selection Systems for High Elevation Forests (ESSFwc3) to Maintain Mountain Caribou Habitat in the Cariboo Forest Region: Five-Year Project Update. In: Ecosystem Dynamics and Silviculture Systems in Interior Wet-belt ESSF and ICH Forests. Workshop Proceedings June 10-12, 1997. University of Northern British Columbia. pp. 52. [PDF 175KB]
  • Waterhouse, M.J. and R.J. Dawson. 1998. Bird Communities In Interior Douglas-fir Forests in the Cariboo Forest Region. In: Managing the Dry Douglas-fir Forests of the Southern Interior: Workshop Proceedings April 29-30, 1997 Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada. B.C. Min. For., Victoria, B.C. Working Paper 34. pp. 90-112. [Link]

1997:

  • Soneff, K.W. and M.J. Waterhouse. 1997. Progress Report on Group Selection Systems for High Elevation Forests in the Cariboo Forest Region. B.C. Min. For., Cariboo For. Reg. Exten. Note 22. http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/RSI/FSP/Cariboo/C_ext_notes/ENC22.pdf [Cariboo Extension Note 22 163KB]

1996:

  • Armleder, H.M., M.J. Waterhouse, D. Laurie, C. Schmid, B. Hansen, and J.A. Young. 1996. Silvicultural Systems for Lodgepole Pine and Northern Caribou. B.C. Min. For., Cariboo For. Reg. Exten. Note 19. http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/RSI/FSP/Cariboo/C_ext_notes/ENC19.pdf [Cariboo Extension Note 19 54KB]

1994:

  • Waterhouse, M.J., H.M. Armleder, and R.J. Dawson. 1994. Winter Food Habitats of Mule Deer. B.C. Min. For., Cariboo For. Reg. Exten. Note 10. http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/RSI/FSP/Cariboo/C_ext_notes/ENC10.pdf [Cariboo Extension Note 10 36KB]
  • Waterhouse, M.J., H.M. Armleder, and R.J. Dawson. 1994. Winter food habits of mule deer in the central interior of British Columbia. B.C. Min. For., Victoria, B.C., Res. Note 113. http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/Docs/Mr/Rn113.htm [Link]
  • Waterhouse, M.J., H.M. Armleder, and R.J. Dawson. 1994. Winter Food Habitats of Mule Deer. B.C. Min. For., Cariboo For. Reg. Exten. Note 10. http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/RSI/FSP/Cariboo/C_ext_notes/ENC10.pdf [Cariboo Extension Note 10 36KB]
  • Waterhouse, M.J., H.M. Armleder, and R.J. Dawson. 1994. Winter food habits of mule deer in the central interior of British Columbia. B.C. Min. For., Victoria, B.C., Res. Note 113. http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/Docs/Mr/Rn113.htm [Link]
  • Armleder, H.M. and M.J. Waterhouse. 1994. Wildlife Diversity in Managed High Elevation Forests. B.C. Min. For., Cariboo For. Reg. Exten. Note 14. http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/RSI/FSP/Cariboo/C_ext_notes/ENC14.pdf [Cariboo Extension Note 14 30KB]
  • Armleder, H.M., M.J. Waterhouse, D.G. Keisker, and R.J. Dawson. 1994. Winter Habitat Use by Mule Deer in the Central Interior of British Columbia. Can. J. Zool. 72(10):721-725. [Link]
  • Waterhouse, M.J. 1994. Uniform Shelterwood Systems for Douglas-fir/Lodgepole Pine Stands. B.C. Min. For., Cariboo For. Reg. Exten. Note 11. http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/RSI/FSP/Cariboo/C_ext_notes/ENC11.pdf [Cariboo Extension Note 11 49KB]

1993:

  • Waterhouse, M.J. 1993. Group Selection Systems for High Elevation Forests in the Cariboo Forest Region. B.C. Min. For., Cariboo For. Reg. Exten. Note 09. http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/RSI/FSP/Cariboo/C_ext_notes/ENC09.pdf [Cariboo Extension Note 09 29KB]
  • Armleder, H.M. and M.J. Waterhouse. 1993. Estimating the abundance of arboreal forage lichens. B.C. Min. For., Cariboo For. Reg. Exten. Note 08. http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/RSI/FSP/Cariboo/C_ext_notes/ENC08.pdf [Cariboo Extension Note 08 30KB]

1991:

  • Waterhouse, M.J., H.M. Armleder, and R.J. Dawson. 1991. Forage litterfall in Douglas-fir forests in the central interior of British Columbia. B.C. Min. For., Victoria, B.C., Res. Note 108. http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/Docs/Mr/Rn108.htm [Link]
  • Waterhouse, M.J., R.J. Dawson, and H.M. Armleder. 1991. Chemical composition of Douglas-fir foliage on mule deer winter range. B.C. Min. For., Victoria, B.C. Res. Rep. R91003-CA. http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/Docs/Rr/R91003-CA.htm [Link]

1990:

  • Dawson, R.J., H.M. Armleder, and M.J. Waterhouse. 1990. Preferences of Mule Deer for Douglas-Fir Foliage From Different Sized Trees. J. Wildl. Manage. 54(3):378-382.

1989:

  • Waterhouse, M.J., R.J. Dawson, and H.M. Armleder. 1989. The effects of juvenile spacing on wildlife habitat use during winter in the interior Douglas-fir zone of British Columbia. B.C. Min. For., Victoria, B.C. Res. Rep. R89003-CA. http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/docs/rr/r89003-ca.htm [Link]

1988:

  • Waterhouse, M.J., R.J. Dawson, H.M. Armleder, and P. Belliveau. 1988. A preliminary study of the effects of juvenile spacing on wildlife habitat use during winter in the interior Douglas-fir zone of British Columbia. B.C. Min. For., Victoria, B.C. Res. Rep. R88002-CA. http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/Docs/Rr/R88002-CA.htm [Link]