Pharmacogenomics testing: information for patients

A person’s genes can affect how they will respond to different medications. A pharmacogenomics test (PGx test) studies an individual’s genes to help identify how well a drug will work for them and what dose will be most effective. This can help avoid a process of trying multiple medications to find one that works.

If you’re considering getting a PGx test, it can be helpful to talk to a health care provider beforehand, to discuss the pros and cons and the options available to you.

What is tested for

PGx testing can help health care providers identify appropriate medications and dosages for treating a range of conditions, such as pain, cancer, depression and cardiovascular disease. Different PGx testing companies offer different tests, and it’s important to know that not all tests are the same.

How to get a test

In B.C., you can get a PGx test directly from a testing company.

Tests cost anywhere from $300 to $1,500, depending on how many genes and which conditions are being tested for, and how the company performs and maintains tests and results.

Public health care programs in B.C., such as PharmaCare and MSP, do not pay for PGx tests. However, many private health insurers do help cover the costs.

Online

After purchasing a PGx test directly from a testing company, you collect and send a genetic sample in the mail yourself. You will need to provide consent for the company to collect your information and analyze the results.

When testing is complete, the company will send you a written report, which you may choose to share with your health care provider(s).

Policies for collecting, accessing, using, disclosing and retaining patient information vary. It is a good idea to read and understand any privacy policies before you choose a testing company.

The Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada provides helpful guidance on Direct-to-consumer genetic testing and privacy.

More information

“Pharmacogenomics Testing: guidance for patients and providers” is prepared by the Precision Medicines and Genetic Services unit of the Ministry of Health’s Therapeutic Assessment and Access Branch.

Download Pharmacogenomics Testing: guidance for patients (PDF, 185KB).