Connectivity glossary of terms

The network of physical objects, vehicles, buildings and other devices that are able to send and receive data over the internet. These objects are often called 'smart devices'.

A set of rules governing the format of data sent over the internet or other networks.

A unique number that identifies each device in a network.

A physical access point where internet service providers connect to for exchanging data from one network to another.

Refers to small intermittent delays during data transfers. It can be caused by many factors including network congestion and signal interference. 

The final portion of a telecommunications network that serves to connect homes and businesses to a high-speed network connection. Wired or wireless technologies can be used to build the last mile infrastructure, such as cable, DSL, fixed wireless or satellite.

Describes the time delay between a request for a network to perform an action and the action being carried out.

A low latency is required for high-quality real-time applications.

Fiber optic cables that are currently in use to transmit information.

Long-term Evolution (LTE) is a standard for wireless communications for smartphones and other devices. LTE is commonly referred to as 4G (fourth generation) cellular technology. 

A system of satellites that orbit much closer to the earth than traditional communications satellites. A LEO constellation can have hundreds of satellites.

Stands for Megabits per second, or millions of bits per second. This is a measurement of how much data can be transmitted through a connection.

Part of a telecommunications network that links a network operator’s core network to local last-mile facilities.

Refers to a communication network where the last link to the user is wireless, and the user’s receiver or handset may be portable. The service will continue to function uninterrupted as the user moves locations. Used interchangeably with cellular.

A device that connects a personal or home computer to the internet.

An agreement between carriers and a municipality that sets out the conditions under which the carrier can obtain access to municipal rights-of-way or any other property.

The ability of a network to provide and maintain an acceptable level of service in face of issues with normal network operation.

A policy requiring that owners of broadband infrastructure provide access to their network to service providers for a fee.

It is also a business model whereby broadband infrastructure is built by a local government and then leased to service providers. This strategy is used to promote competition and reduce the risks for service providers.

The existing civil infrastructure needed for network deployment. It includes any structure where cables and antennas can be attached. Telephone poles, underground conduits and wireless towers are common examples.

Refers to a physical access point to the backbone network. It is a facility where internet service providers house servers, routers, switches and other communications equipment.

Refers to a type of network connection that comprises of satellites orbiting the earth that transmit and receive signals from ground-based stations.

A generic term that refers to an organization that delivers telecommunication services, including internet services, to its customers.

Refers to the radio frequencies allocated to the mobile industry and other sectors for communication over the airwaves.

Refers to a connection with equal download and upload speeds.

Refers to the exchange of information by electronic and electrical means over a significant distance. Basic telecommunications services are:

i) fixed and mobile wireless broadband internet access services,

ii) fixed and mobile wireless voice services.

Refers to the delivery of health care services using computers and mobile devices.

A network connection that transports data traffic from one Point of Presence (PoP) to another or from a Point of Presence to the internet backbone. An example would be a fiber connection that transports data between a small town to another location that provides an interconnection to the internet.

The connection speed at which a user can send data to the internet. For example, the speed to upload a video to a social media website.

VoIP is a digital communications technology that allows users to make voice calls using an internet connection instead of a regular phone line.

A radio technology that allows devices to connect to a local area network wirelessly.

Wireless communication is the transfer of information without a physical wire connection. For example, a signal can be transmitted from a wireless tower to mobile devices such as phones or to fixed locations such as houses.

A type of connection that transfers information over a wire or cable.